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A student "masih berseragam" in a rival territory can be a target for violence. This systemic issue reflects deeper social problems: a lack of extracurricular outlets, the glorification of "seniority," and the pressure to prove one’s "jagoan" (tough guy) status within a peer group. 5. Socio-Economic Barriers: The Cost of the "Free" Uniform Content available in: A student "masih berseragam" in
Since the New Order era, uniforms have been used by the Indonesian government to promote "Wawasan Nusantara" (National Outlook) and egalitarianism. The logic was simple: by making everyone look the same, you erase the visible gap between the wealthy elite and the impoverished. Socio-Economic Barriers: The Cost of the "Free" Uniform
The phenomenon of uniformed students working or loitering during school hours is not new, but it has intensified due to several converging factors: the glorification of "seniority